systemas semi-artificial semi-natural

the beginning of the 16th century until the dawn of the 19th, and for, perhaps, a hundred of those 300 years, from the mid-sixteenth to the mid-seventeenth century [?] the single most powerful force in the Western world.? Those hundred years coincide with the reign of Philip II (1556?1598), son of the emperor Charles V; of his son, Philip III (1598-1621), and of his grandson, Philip IV (1621-1665).